193 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
193 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
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# p-timeout
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> Timeout a promise after a specified amount of time
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> [!NOTE]
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> You may want to use `AbortSignal.timeout()` instead. [Learn more.](#abortsignal)
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## Install
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```sh
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npm install p-timeout
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```
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## Usage
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```js
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import {setTimeout} from 'node:timers/promises';
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import pTimeout from 'p-timeout';
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const delayedPromise = setTimeout(200);
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await pTimeout(delayedPromise, {
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milliseconds: 50,
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});
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//=> [TimeoutError: Promise timed out after 50 milliseconds]
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```
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## API
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### pTimeout(input, options)
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Returns a decorated `input` that times out after `milliseconds` time. It has a `.clear()` method that clears the timeout.
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If you pass in a cancelable promise, specifically a promise with a `.cancel()` method, that method will be called when the `pTimeout` promise times out.
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#### input
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Type: `Promise`
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Promise to decorate.
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#### options
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Type: `object`
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##### milliseconds
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Type: `number`
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Milliseconds before timing out.
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Passing `Infinity` will cause it to never time out.
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##### message
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Type: `string | Error | false`\
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Default: `'Promise timed out after {milliseconds} milliseconds'`
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Specify a custom error message or error to throw when it times out:
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- `message: 'too slow'` will throw `TimeoutError('too slow')`
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- `message: new MyCustomError('it’s over 9000')` will throw the same error instance
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- `message: false` will make the promise resolve with `undefined` instead of rejecting
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If you do a custom error, it's recommended to sub-class `TimeoutError`:
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```js
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import {TimeoutError} from 'p-timeout';
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class MyCustomError extends TimeoutError {
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name = "MyCustomError";
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}
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```
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##### fallback
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Type: `Function`
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Do something other than rejecting with an error on timeout.
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The function can return a value or a promise.
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You could for example retry:
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```js
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import {setTimeout} from 'node:timers/promises';
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import pTimeout from 'p-timeout';
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const delayedPromise = () => setTimeout(200);
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await pTimeout(delayedPromise(), {
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milliseconds: 50,
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fallback: () => {
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return pTimeout(delayedPromise(), {
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milliseconds: 300
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});
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}
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});
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```
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##### customTimers
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Type: `object` with function properties `setTimeout` and `clearTimeout`
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Custom implementations for the `setTimeout` and `clearTimeout` functions.
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Useful for testing purposes, in particular to work around [`sinon.useFakeTimers()`](https://sinonjs.org/releases/latest/fake-timers/).
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Example:
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```js
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import pTimeout from 'p-timeout';
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import sinon from 'sinon';
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const originalSetTimeout = setTimeout;
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const originalClearTimeout = clearTimeout;
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sinon.useFakeTimers();
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// Use `pTimeout` without being affected by `sinon.useFakeTimers()`:
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await pTimeout(doSomething(), {
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milliseconds: 2000,
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customTimers: {
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setTimeout: originalSetTimeout,
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clearTimeout: originalClearTimeout
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}
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});
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```
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##### signal
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Type: [`AbortSignal`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbortSignal)
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Abort the promise.
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```js
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import pTimeout from 'p-timeout';
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import delay from 'delay';
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const delayedPromise = delay(3000);
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const abortController = new AbortController();
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setTimeout(() => {
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abortController.abort();
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}, 100);
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await pTimeout(delayedPromise, {
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milliseconds: 2000,
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signal: abortController.signal
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});
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```
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### TimeoutError
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Exposed for instance checking and sub-classing.
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## Related
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- [delay](https://github.com/sindresorhus/delay) - Delay a promise a specified amount of time
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- [p-min-delay](https://github.com/sindresorhus/p-min-delay) - Delay a promise a minimum amount of time
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- [p-retry](https://github.com/sindresorhus/p-retry) - Retry a promise-returning function
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- [More…](https://github.com/sindresorhus/promise-fun)
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## AbortSignal
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> Modern alternative to `p-timeout`
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Async functions like `fetch` can accept an [`AbortSignal`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbortSignal), which can be conveniently created with [`AbortSignal.timeout()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbortSignal/timeout_static).
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The advantage over `p-timeout` is that the promise-generating function (like `fetch`) is actually notified that the user is no longer expecting an answer, so it can interrupt its work and free resources.
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```js
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// Call API, timeout after 5 seconds
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const response = await fetch('./my-api', {signal: AbortSignal.timeout(5000)});
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```
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```js
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async function buildWall(signal) {
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for (const brick of bricks) {
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signal.throwIfAborted();
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// Or: if (signal.aborted) { return; }
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await layBrick();
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}
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}
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// Stop long work after 60 seconds
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await buildWall(AbortSignal.timeout(60_000))
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```
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You can also combine multiple signals, like when you have a timeout *and* an `AbortController` triggered with a “Cancel” button click. You can use the upcoming [`AbortSignal.any()`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbortSignal/any_static) helper or [`abort-utils`](https://github.com/fregante/abort-utils/blob/main/source/merge-signals.md).
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